Recent changes in mountain birch forest structure and understory vegetation depend on the seasonal timing of reindeer grazing

Maatalous ja biologia

• Betula pubescens var. pumila 100%
• reindeer 84%
• understory 64%
• grazing 52%
• vegetation 47%
• summer 42%
• lichens 36%
• winter 32%
• shrubs 24%
• mountains 23%
• browsing 17%
• trajectories 14%
• habitats 12%
• Empetrum nigrum 11%
• forage 10%
• Betula pubescens 9%
• Rangifer tarandus 9%
• graminoids 9%
• ecotones 9%
• tundra 9%
• prediction 4%
• seedlings 4%
• biomass 4%
• synthesis 3%

Geo- ja ympäristötieteet

• montane forest 74%
• understory 67%
• grazing 56%
• vegetation 38%
• lichen 38%
• summer 36%
• winter 30%
• mountain 28%
• shrub 25%
• browsing 17%
• forage 15%
• habitat 13%
• trajectory 11%
• dry forest 8%
• ecotone 8%
• tundra 7%
• mountain range 7%
• seedling 7%
• biomass 4%
• prediction 3%