Effects of ultraviolet (UV) exclusion on the seasonal concentration of photosynthetic and UV-screening pigments in Scots pine needles

Maatalous ja biologia

• conifer needles 86%
• lutein 72%
• Pinus sylvestris 68%
• ultraviolet radiation 59%
• pigments 50%
• screening 47%
• antheraxanthin 16%
• neoxanthin 15%
• alpha-carotene 14%
• xanthophylls 14%
• summer 14%
• violaxanthin 14%
• zeaxanthin 13%
• freezing point 13%
• snow 12%
• saplings 12%
• Finland 11%
• antennae 11%
• beta-carotene 10%
• high performance liquid chromatography 9%
• dates (fruit) 8%
• flavonoids 8%
• photosynthesis 8%
• chlorophyll 8%
• winter 7%

Kemialliset yhdisteet

• Xanthophyll 100%
• Needle Like Crystal 70%
• Antheraxanthin 20%
• Pinosylvin 20%
• Neoxanthin 18%
• Alpha-Carotene 17%
• Violaxanthin 17%
• Zeaxanthin 16%
• Lutein 15%
• Beta-Carotene 13%
• Photosynthesis 12%
• Chlorophyll 12%
• Flavonoid 10%
• Sampling 9%
• Reflection 8%
• High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography 8%

Geo- ja ympäristötieteet

• pigment 64%
• screening 57%
• pine 57%
• ultraviolet radiation 32%
• filter 25%
• effect 15%
• sapling 11%
• summer 10%
• liquid chromatography 9%
• irradiance 9%
• photosynthesis 9%
• antenna 9%
• chlorophyll 8%
• freezing 8%
• snow 7%
• radiation 6%
• winter 5%
• sampling 5%