Large Language Models in the 6G-Enabled Computing Continuum: a White Paper

Markus Abel; Ijaz Ahmad; Constantino Alvarez Casado; Rico  Berner; Mickaël  Bettinelli; Kaj Mikael  Björk; Michele  Capobianco; James Gross; Tri Hong Nguyen; Hui Pan; Kostakos Panos; Abhishek  Kumar; Mika-Petri Laakkonen; Xiaoli Liu; Zhi Liu; Le  Nguyen,; Huong  Nguyen; Basak Ozan  Ozparlak; Ville Pietiläinen; Susanna  Pirttikangas; Stéphan  Plassart; Sampo  Pyysalo; Soheyb  Ribouh; Jari  Rinne; Mehdi  Safanpour; Alaa  Saleh; Olli  Silvén; Harry  Souris; Xiang  Su; Roope  Suomalainen; Athanasios V.  Vasilakos; Aleksandr  Zavodovski; Qi  Zhang; Peng Yuan  Zhou; Alireza  Zourmand

Large Language Models in the 6G-Enabled Computing Continuum: a White Paper

Markus Abel, Ijaz Ahmad, Constantino Alvarez Casado, Rico Berner, Mickaël Bettinelli, Kaj Mikael Björk, Michele Capobianco, James Gross, Tri Hong Nguyen, Hui Pan, Kostakos Panos , Abhishek Kumar, Mika-Petri Laakkonen, Xiaoli Liu, Zhi Liu, Le Nguyen,, Huong Nguyen, Basak Ozan Ozparlak, Ville Pietiläinen, Susanna Pirttikangas Stéphan Plassart, Sampo Pyysalo, Soheyb Ribouh, Jari Rinne, Mehdi Safanpour, Alaa Saleh, Olli Silvén, Harry Souris, Xiang Su, Roope Suomalainen, Athanasios V. Vasilakos, Aleksandr Zavodovski, Qi Zhang, Peng Yuan Zhou, Alireza Zourmand

Faculty of Social Sciences

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter › Scientific › peer-review

Abstract

The evolution towards 6G architecture will shift communication networks, with artificial intelligence (AI) playing a key role. This white paper examines the integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) within 6G systems. Their ability to grasp intent, reason, and plan, and execute commands will redefine network
functionalities and interactions. An essential component is the AI Interconnect framework, designed to facilitate AI operations within the network. Building
on the evolving state-of-the-art, we present a new architectural perspective for the next generation of mobile networks. Here, LLMs will work together with
pre-generative AI and machine learning (ML) algorithms. This union combines old and new methods, merging established approaches with AI technologies. We provide an overview of this evolution and explore the applications arising from such an integration. We envisage an integration where AI becomes central to future communication networks, offering insight into the structure and function of a 6G network centered on AI

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Large Language Models in the 6G-Enabled Computing Continuum: a White Paper
Subtitle of host publication	6G Research Visions
Editors	Lauri Lovén, Miguel Bordallo López, Roberto Morabito, Jaakko Sauvola, Sasu Tarkoma
Pages	76
Volume	14
ISBN (Electronic)	ISBN 978-952-62-4376-4
Publication status	Published - 16 Jan 2025
MoEC publication type	A3 Part of a book or another research book

Citation for this output

Abel, M., Ahmad, I., Casado, C. A., Berner, R., Bettinelli, M., Björk, K. M., Capobianco, M., Gross, J., Nguyen, T. H., Pan, H., Panos , K., Kumar, A., Laakkonen, M.-P., Liu, X., Liu, Z., Nguyen, L., Nguyen, H., Ozparlak, B. O., Pietiläinen, V., ... Zourmand, A. (2025). Large Language Models in the 6G-Enabled Computing Continuum: a White Paper. In L. Lovén, M. B. López, R. Morabito, J. Sauvola, & S. Tarkoma (Eds.), Large Language Models in the 6G-Enabled Computing Continuum: a White Paper: 6G Research Visions (Vol. 14, pp. 76)

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abstract = "The evolution towards 6G architecture will shift communication networks, with artificial intelligence (AI) playing a key role. This white paper examines the integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) within 6G systems. Their ability to grasp intent, reason, and plan, and execute commands will redefine network functionalities and interactions. An essential component is the AI Interconnect framework, designed to facilitate AI operations within the network. Building on the evolving state-of-the-art, we present a new architectural perspective for the next generation of mobile networks. Here, LLMs will work together with pre-generative AI and machine learning (ML) algorithms. This union combines old and new methods, merging established approaches with AI technologies. We provide an overview of this evolution and explore the applications arising from such an integration. We envisage an integration where AI becomes central to future communication networks, offering insight into the structure and function of a 6G network centered on AI",

keywords = "6G, Generative AI, Large Language Model (LLM), Generative Pre-trained Transformers (GPT), Edge Intelligence, Open RAN (O-RAN), AI RAN",

author = "Markus Abel and Ijaz Ahmad and Casado, {Constantino Alvarez} and Rico Berner and Micka{\"e}l Bettinelli and Bj{\"o}rk, {Kaj Mikael} and Michele Capobianco and James Gross and Nguyen, {Tri Hong} and Hui Pan and Kostakos Panos and Abhishek Kumar and Mika-Petri Laakkonen and Xiaoli Liu and Zhi Liu and Le Nguyen, and Huong Nguyen and Ozparlak, {Basak Ozan} and Ville Pietil{\"a}inen and Susanna Pirttikangas and St{\'e}phan Plassart and Sampo Pyysalo and Soheyb Ribouh and Jari Rinne and Mehdi Safanpour and Alaa Saleh and Olli Silv{\'e}n and Harry Souris and Xiang Su and Roope Suomalainen and Vasilakos, {Athanasios V.} and Aleksandr Zavodovski and Qi Zhang and Zhou, {Peng Yuan} and Alireza Zourmand",

note = "https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-202501211268",

year = "2025",

month = jan,

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language = "English",

isbn = "ISBN 978-952-62-4375-7",

volume = "14",

pages = "76",

editor = "Lov{\'e}n, {Lauri } and L{\'o}pez, { Miguel Bordallo } and Morabito, { Roberto } and Sauvola, {Jaakko } and Tarkoma, { Sasu }",

booktitle = "Large Language Models in the 6G-Enabled Computing Continuum: a White Paper",

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Abel, M, Ahmad, I, Casado, CA, Berner, R, Bettinelli, M, Björk, KM, Capobianco, M, Gross, J, Nguyen, TH, Pan, H, Panos , K, Kumar, A, Laakkonen, M-P, Liu, X, Liu, Z, Nguyen, L, Nguyen, H, Ozparlak, BO, Pietiläinen, V, Pirttikangas, S, Plassart, S, Pyysalo, S, Ribouh, S, Rinne, J, Safanpour, M, Saleh, A, Silvén, O, Souris, H, Su, X, Suomalainen, R, Vasilakos, AV, Zavodovski, A, Zhang, Q, Zhou, PY & Zourmand, A 2025, Large Language Models in the 6G-Enabled Computing Continuum: a White Paper. in L Lovén, MB López, R Morabito, J Sauvola & S Tarkoma (eds), Large Language Models in the 6G-Enabled Computing Continuum: a White Paper: 6G Research Visions. vol. 14, pp. 76.

Large Language Models in the 6G-Enabled Computing Continuum: a White Paper. / Abel, Markus; Ahmad, Ijaz; Casado, Constantino Alvarez et al.
Large Language Models in the 6G-Enabled Computing Continuum: a White Paper: 6G Research Visions. ed. / Lauri Lovén; Miguel Bordallo López; Roberto Morabito; Jaakko Sauvola; Sasu Tarkoma. Vol. 14 2025. p. 76.

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter › Scientific › peer-review

TY - CHAP

T1 - Large Language Models in the 6G-Enabled Computing Continuum: a White Paper

AU - Abel, Markus

AU - Ahmad, Ijaz

AU - Casado, Constantino Alvarez

AU - Berner, Rico

AU - Bettinelli, Mickaël

AU - Björk, Kaj Mikael

AU - Capobianco, Michele

AU - Gross, James

AU - Nguyen, Tri Hong

AU - Pan, Hui

AU - Panos , Kostakos

AU - Kumar, Abhishek

AU - Laakkonen, Mika-Petri

AU - Liu, Xiaoli

AU - Liu, Zhi

AU - Nguyen,, Le

AU - Nguyen, Huong

AU - Ozparlak, Basak Ozan

AU - Pietiläinen, Ville

AU - Pirttikangas, Susanna

AU - Plassart, Stéphan

AU - Pyysalo, Sampo

AU - Ribouh, Soheyb

AU - Rinne, Jari

AU - Safanpour, Mehdi

AU - Saleh, Alaa

AU - Silvén, Olli

AU - Souris, Harry

AU - Su, Xiang

AU - Suomalainen, Roope

AU - Vasilakos, Athanasios V.

AU - Zavodovski, Aleksandr

AU - Zhang, Qi

AU - Zhou, Peng Yuan

AU - Zourmand, Alireza

N1 - https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-202501211268

PY - 2025/1/16

Y1 - 2025/1/16

N2 - The evolution towards 6G architecture will shift communication networks, with artificial intelligence (AI) playing a key role. This white paper examines the integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) within 6G systems. Their ability to grasp intent, reason, and plan, and execute commands will redefine network functionalities and interactions. An essential component is the AI Interconnect framework, designed to facilitate AI operations within the network. Building on the evolving state-of-the-art, we present a new architectural perspective for the next generation of mobile networks. Here, LLMs will work together with pre-generative AI and machine learning (ML) algorithms. This union combines old and new methods, merging established approaches with AI technologies. We provide an overview of this evolution and explore the applications arising from such an integration. We envisage an integration where AI becomes central to future communication networks, offering insight into the structure and function of a 6G network centered on AI

AB - The evolution towards 6G architecture will shift communication networks, with artificial intelligence (AI) playing a key role. This white paper examines the integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) within 6G systems. Their ability to grasp intent, reason, and plan, and execute commands will redefine network functionalities and interactions. An essential component is the AI Interconnect framework, designed to facilitate AI operations within the network. Building on the evolving state-of-the-art, we present a new architectural perspective for the next generation of mobile networks. Here, LLMs will work together with pre-generative AI and machine learning (ML) algorithms. This union combines old and new methods, merging established approaches with AI technologies. We provide an overview of this evolution and explore the applications arising from such an integration. We envisage an integration where AI becomes central to future communication networks, offering insight into the structure and function of a 6G network centered on AI

KW - 6G

KW - Generative AI

KW - Large Language Model (LLM)

KW - Generative Pre-trained Transformers (GPT)

KW - Edge Intelligence

KW - Open RAN (O-RAN)

KW - AI RAN

M3 - Chapter

SN - ISBN 978-952-62-4375-7

VL - 14

SP - 76

BT - Large Language Models in the 6G-Enabled Computing Continuum: a White Paper

A2 - Lovén, Lauri

A2 - López, Miguel Bordallo

A2 - Morabito, Roberto

A2 - Sauvola, Jaakko

A2 - Tarkoma, Sasu

ER -